AN ASSESSEMENT OF INFORMAL COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES IN GAMBORU MARKET, MAIDUGURI, BORNO STATE.

ABSTRAСТ This study explores the dynamics of informal commercial activities in Gamboru market Maiduguri, focusing on their causes, socio-economic impacts, and implications for urban planning. The research employs a qualitative approach, drawing on data from surveys, interviews with informal traders, and government reports. Findings reveal that informal commercial activities, such as street vending, petty trading, and informal transportation services, are primarily driven by high unemployment rates, poverty, rural-to-urban migration, and regulatory barriers that hinder access to formal economic opportunities. While these activities contribute significantly to employment generation, poverty reduction, and economic growth, they also pose challenges to urban planning, including congestion, land-use conflicts, and environmental concerns. Informal traders often face obstacles such as regulatory issues, harassment, lack of infrastructure, and limited access to credit. The study highlights the need for balanced urban policies that recognise the economic importance of the informal sector while addressing its impact on city planning. Recommendations include improving infrastructure for traders, simplifying regulations to facilitate business formalisation, enhancing access to credit, and fostering dialogue between traders and urban authorities. This research contributes to the understanding of the informal sector's role in urban economies, providing insights into policy reforms that could lead to more inclusive and sustainable urban development. The findings show the importance of integrating the informal economy into urban planning strategies to maximise its benefits while mitigating its challenges.