ESTIMATION OF GENETIC PARAMETERS, INTER RELATIONSHIPS AND GENETIC DIVERGENCE OF VEGETABLE AMARANTHS (AMARANTHUS HYBRIDUS LINNAEUS)
Abstract
This study assessed genetic variability, trait relationships, and divergence among five accessions of vegetable amaranth (Amaranthus spp.) grown in Minna, Nigeria, using a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Eight agronomic traits were evaluated and analyzed through ANOVA, genetic parameter estimates, correlation, and principal component analysis (PCA). Results showed significant differences among accessions, with accessions 3 and 4 performing best in yield traits, while accession 1 recorded the lowest values. Stem diameter, plant height, and shoot weight exhibited high heritability and genetic advance, suggesting additive gene action and suitability for selection. Correlation revealed strong positive associations between stem diameter, shoot weight, and green yield, while PCA confirmed that vegetative yield traits explained most of the variation. The study concludes that considerable genetic variability exists, recommending accessions 3 and 4 for breeding and emphasizing selection for stem diameter and shoot weight to improve amaranth yield and enhance food security.
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