ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METALS IN SMOKED FISH IN MAIDUGURI, BORNO STATE

ABSTRACT The consumption of smoked fish is a common dietary practice in Maiduguri, Borno State, but concerns about the contamination of fish with heavy metals such as Arsenic (As), Copper (Cu), Chromium (Cr), Lead (Pb), and Cadmium (Cd) remain a public health issue. This study aimed to assess the levels of these heavy metals in smoked fish samples, including Icefish, Baka, and others obtained from markets in Maiduguri. The concentrations of heavy metals in the fish samples were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS), and the results were compared with the FAO/WHO permissible limits for heavy metals in fish. The findings revealed that the concentrations of Arsenic, Copper, Chromium, Lead, and Cadmium in all fish samples were within the permissible limits, with Lead showing the highest values in some species, particularly Icefish, Baka and Catfish. Although the Lead concentrations remained within the safety threshold, continuous monitoring is advised due to the potential for bioaccumulation. In conclusion, the study confirms that the selected smoked fish species are safe for consumption in terms of heavy metal contamination. However, public awareness and stricter environmental regulations are necessary to maintain food safety standards and prevent future contamination.