DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A PIEZOELECTRIC CRYSTAL-INFUSED FLOOR MAT SYSTEM FOR SUSTAINABLE ENERGY HARVESTING
Abstract
This project focuses on the development of a floor mat system infused with piezoelectric crystals,
designed to capture kinetic energy generated by footsteps at the School of Engineering Complex,
Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria. The system is aimed at powering low-energy
devices such as smartphones, Arduino, and LEDs. An analysis of foot traffic, which recorded
23,714 steps per day with a peak of 4.23 steps per second, validated the project's feasibility. A
MATLAB/SIMULINK simulation was conducted to optimise a series-parallel circuit comprising
60 PZT transducers (20mm and 25mm) arranged in a matrix, along with a diode bridge rectifier, a
BQ25570 energy harvester (producing 2.56V output from 100mV), an MT3608 booster (28V
regulated to 5.6V), and an 18650 controller for battery charging. The prototype was able to
generate 8V per step, charging a 24,000mAh battery bank in approximately 8 hours at a rate of 3
steps per second, achieving an efficiency of 93% with a consistent 5.16V USB output, while
enduring 300 steps. This system represents a significant advancement in sustainable and
decentralised energy harvesting for applications on campus.
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