TEACHERS AND STUDENTS PERCEPTION ON THE PROBLEMS OF TEACHING AND LEARNING OF GEOGRAPHY IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN KANO MUNICIPAL

ABSTRACT This study assessed the Teachers and Students Perceptions on the Problems of Teaching and Learning of Geography in Secondary Schools in Kano Municipal. Four research objectives with four corresponding research questions were formulated to guide the study. Ex-post facto research design was employed for the study. The population of this study comprised 1,797 SS II students in Kano Municipal out of which 306 were selected as sample through multi-stage sampling technique. The data were collected using self-designed questionnaire. The current researchers validated the face and content validity of the instruments. Reliability of internal consistency was assessed via a pilot test conducted on 10 SS students and 2 geography teachers who were not part of the sample. The instruments were found to have reliability of internal consistency using the cronbach alpha method, with alpha values of 0.89 were obtained. To analyse the data, descriptive statistics in terms of simple percentages were used to answer research questions 1 to 4. The study's findings revealed that The availability of qualified geography teachers in secondary schools across Kano Municipal is inadequate; Laboratory equipment for effective geography instruction in Kano Municipal secondary schools is largely insufficient; The physical infrastructure in Kano Municipal secondary schools, including classrooms, laboratories, and libraries, is inadequate to support effective geography education. Overcrowded classrooms, poorly equipped laboratories, and the lack of functional libraries were consistently highlighted as major challenges. And Geography learning materials such as textbooks, maps, and globes are largely unavailable or of poor quality in secondary schools within Kano Municipal. Based on the findings of the study, the following suggestions were made: The government and education stakeholders should prioritize hiring adequately trained geography teachers and organize regular professional development programs to enhance their skills. Schools should be equipped with modern and functional geography laboratory tools and equipment to facilitate practical lessons. Funding allocation for this purpose must be increased and consistently monitored. And Investments should be made to renovate and expand classrooms, build well-equipped laboratories, and establish functional libraries to create conducive environments for teaching and learning geography