DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A SUN TRACKING SOLAR SYSTEM
Abstract
The efficiency of solar energy systems largely depends on the amount of sunlight incident on the solar panel surface. This project presents the design and implementation of an automatic Sun Tracking System that optimizes the orientation of solar panels to continuously align with the sun’s position throughout the day. The system utilizes light-dependent resistors (LDRs) as sensors to detect sunlight intensity from different directions and an Arduino Uno microcontroller to process the signals and control servo motors that adjust the panel’s tilt and rotation. By maintaining an optimal angle relative to the sun, the system significantly increases energy absorption compared to fixed solar panels. Experimental results show that the tracker can improve energy generation efficiency by approximately 25–35%, depending on environmental conditions. This project demonstrates a cost-effective and energy-efficient approach to enhancing solar power systems, making it suitable for both small-scale and large-scale renewable energy applications.
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