GROWTH AND YIELD PERFORMANCE OF PLEUROTUS OSTREATUS (JACQ. FR.) KUMM) ON TECTONA GRANDIS WITH DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF WHEAT BRAN ADDITIVES.
Abstract
This study evaluated the growth and yield performance of Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq. Fr.) Kumm on Tectona grandis sawdust with varying concentrations of wheat bran additives. These findings indicates that T3 (T. grandis + 20% of wheat bran) supplementation enhances Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom production and provides a sustainable approach to utilizing (Tectona grandis) sawdust. Mushroom cultivation in Nigeria is of great importance because the mushroom is rich in protein. Ecologically, agricultural and industrial residues account for a large population of pollution in the environment. The experiment was conducted at the Departmental Mushroom House of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Adekunle Ajasin University. Materials used included Tectona grandis (Teak) sawdust, wheat bran (7.5 kg), chalk (calcium carbonate, 2%), gypsum (calcium sulfate, 2%), clean water, polypropylene bags, spirit lamp, transparent heat-resistant polypropylene bags, steam drum for sterilization, measuring scale and weighing balance, cotton wool, foil paper and rubber bands, 70% ethanol, thermometer, and spawn. The cultivation process involved bagging, steam sterilization, inoculation, and incubation. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments: T1 (100% T. grandis), T2 (T. grandis + 10% wheat bran), T3 (T. grandis + 20% wheat bran), and T4 (T. grandis + 30% wheat bran). Data were collected on days required for complete mycelial running (DRCMR), days to pinhead formation (DPF), days to harvest (DTH), number of fruiting bodies (NFB), average fresh and dry weight of fruiting bodies (AWFFB and AWDFB), pileus diameter (PD), stripe height (SH), and biological efficiency (BE). Data obtained were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and means were separated using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a significance level of P < 0.05. Results revealed that T3 (T. grandis + 20% wheat bran) recorded the fastest mycelial colonization (16.1 ± 6.62 days), earliest pinhead formation (17.1 ± 7.01 days), shortest harvest period (18.3 ± 7.5 days), and highest number of fruiting bodies (2.8 ± 1.28). In contrast, T1 (100% T. grandis) showed the slowest colonization (20.9 ± 5.9 days), latest pinhead initiation (23.0 ± 6.4 days), and longest time to harvest (25.0 ± 6.9 days). However, T1 produced the highest average fresh weight (5.54 ± 1.54 g), dry weight (1.26 ± 0.36 g), pileus diameter (1.93 ± 0.54 cm), stripe height (2.05 ± 0.58 cm), and biological efficiency (10.9 ± 3.08%), while the lowest values for these yield parameters were observed in T3 and T4. Overall, supplementation with 20% wheat bran (T3) enhanced the growth rate of P. ostreatus on T. grandis sawdust, whereas the control (T1) exhibited the highest yield parameters but the slowest growth. This study concludes that 20% wheat bran supplementation optimizes growth performance and provides a sustainable method for recycling T. grandis sawdust for mushroom cultivation.
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