QUANTIFYING CO2 EMISSIONS IN URBAN TRANSPORT NETWORK A SUMO BASED ANALYSIS.

This study investigates carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions from road traffic on Gujiba Road in Damaturu. The aim is to understand how daily traffic flow contributes to emissions and how well a simulation model can reflect real conditions. Field data were collected through classified traffic counts, fuel information, short GPS speed samples, and basic weather observations. These data were used to estimate how much CO₂ vehicles released during different peak periods of the day. The results from the field measurements showed a steady pattern. CO₂ values ranged from about 894 g/hr in the morning to around 1,175 g/hr at midday, when traffic was at its highest.A SUMO traffic model was developed to simulate the same corridor. The network included the geometry of the road, local vehicle types, and several demand levels. The simulation captured how vehicles accelerate, slow down, and idle during movement. However, the simulated results were much higher than the field values. In some periods, SUMO produced CO₂ levels between 9,000 and 13,000 g/hr. Small adjustment factors reduced the numbers slightly, but the difference remained large. This suggests that the model needs better calibration, especially in areas such as fleet composition, emission factors, fuel types, and driving behavior. Despite the gaps, the study shows that combining field measurements with simulation can give useful insight into traffic emissions. SUMO is a flexible tool for testing how changes in traffic flow or vehicle composition may affect CO₂ levels. The findings also highlight the need for stronger data and continuous adjustment to improve the accuracy of such models in growing cities.