EVALUATION OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF BOREHOLES-WATER USED BY THE STUDENTS IN UNDERGRADUATE HOSTELS OF UMARU MUSA YAR'ADUA UNIVERSITY KATSINA STATE
Abstract
Physicochemical parameters of water; temperature, color, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, alkalinity, acidity and conductivity, as well as heavy metals; Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), and Chromium (Cr) levels in water, are very vital parameters used to evaluate the water quality. The evaluation physical and chemical parameters was carried on five differents sources of Boreholes-water (samples) ; CW-1, BW-2, FW-3, KW-4, and GW-5 in both the male and the female undergraduate hostels using; PH meter, DO meter, etc for physical and AAS for chemical parameters respectively. The results I obtained from this work showed variations of the parameters amongst the samples; for temperature BW-2 has the highest mean value of 40.6°C while the KW-4 has the lowest with 37.7°C, for color FW-3 has more clarity while KW-4 has least, for dissolved oxygen BW-2 has the highest value of 4.01 mg/L while KW-4 Has the lowest value of 3.7 mg/L, for turbidity KW-4 and GW-5 have 1 ntu each while the rest have 0 turbidity value, for PH BW-2 has the highest value (Alkaline) of 7.4 while GW-5 has the low value (Acidic) of 6.7 and for conductivity, KW-4 has the highest value of 106.5 US/cm while FW-3 has the lowest value of 59.9 US/cm and for the lead, FW-3 has high content of 0.0097 mg/L while BW-2 has low of 0.0056 mg/L, for Cadmium FW-3 has the highest value of 0.072 µg/L while BW-2 has the lowest 0.047 µg/L and for Chromium BW-2 has the high values of 0.0019 mg/L while CW-1 has the low of 0.0006 mg/L. Therefore, from the results obtained, all samples are in concordance with the WHO and NSDWQ standards for safety drinking water and other usage with the exception of temperature which is above the range governed by the authorities with a average deviation of 7.5 °C.
Full-Text Access Notice
In accordance with the NERD Policy on promoting peer-reviewed publication, public access to the full text of a project, thesis or dissertation is restricted for three years, allowing the author and supervisors sufficient time to pursue peer-reviewed publication.
During this period, researchers with legitimate academic or research purposes may request authorisation directly from the author to enable NERD to release the indexed full texts of the work using the form below.