KINETIC STUDY FOR THE ADSORPTION OF SOME HEAVY METALS (CHROMIUM AND CADMIUM) FROM INDUSTRIAL WASTE WATER USING PALM KERNEL SHELL
Abstract
Industrial wastewater containing heavy metals like chromium and cadmium poses a significant threat to the enviromental and human health. This study explores the use of palm kernel shell (PKS) as a low-cost adsorbent to remove these toxic metals from wastewater. The activated carbon were characterized under PH, dry density, moisture, specific gravity and bulk density. Batch adsorptive studies were also carried out under varying experimental condition of contact time, carbon dosage and initial concentration of Cr6+ and Cd2+ solution. The result showed that the highest percentage removal of 95.94% in chromium occurred at dosage of 1.0g and the highest percentage removal of 96.57% in Cadmium occurred at time of 100min. The equilibrium experimental data obtained were measured with the langmuir and the freundlich isotherm and the experimental data were found to best fit langmuir isotherm model for chromium with R2 = 88.12% and for cadmium R2= 1.29%, The adsorption process fellows a pseudo-second-order kinetic model, indicating a chemisorption mechanism. These finding suggest that PKS is a promising adsorbent for heavy metal removal from industrial wastewater.
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