EQUATORIAL VERTICAL PLASMA DRIFTS AND HMF2 RESPONSE IN IRI MODEL DURING SOLAR MINIMUM

This research project investigates the dynamic interplay between equatorial vertical plasma drift and the ionospheric peak height (hmF2) variations during a solar minimum period. The equatorial ionosphere plays a pivotal role in radio wave propagation, satellite communications, and global positioning systems, making a comprehensive understanding of its behavior during solar minima essential for improving communication and navigation systems. In this study, we employ the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model to simulate and analyze the variations in equatorial vertical plasma drift and hmF2 parameters over multiple solar minimum years. We utilize a combination of ground-based ionosonde measurements, satellite-based observations, and empirical data to validate the IRI model's accuracy in capturing real-world ionospheric behaviour. Our research aims to elucidate the underlying physical mechanisms governing the equatorial vertical plasma drift and hmF2 responses during solar minimum, with a particular focus on the role of solar and geomagnetic activity. Additionally, we investigate the influence of space weather phenomena such as solar flares and geomagnetic storms on these ionospheric parameters. The outcomes of this project hold significant implications for enhancing the accuracy of ionospheric modelling and predictions, thereby improving the reliability of global communication and navigation systems, especially during periods of reduced solar activity. Furthermore, our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the fundamental processes driving ionospheric dynamics, aiding in the advancement of space weather research.