ENTOMOPOISON EFFECT OF AZADIRACTHA INDICA A. JUSS STEM BARK N-HEXANE EXTRACT AND POWDER AGAINST CALLOSOBRUCHUS MACULATUS FABRICIUS (COLEOPTERA: BRUCHIDAE) INFESTING STORED COWPEA SEEDS.
Abstract
ABSTRACTS
Stem bark extracts and powder of Azadiractha indica were investigated for its poisonous activity against the survival of Callosobruchus maculatus, using adult mortality, oviposition and adult emergence as parameters. The result obtained was dosage and time of exposure dependent. The treatment revealed A. indica extract and powder were effective botanical insecticides as it is significantly (p < 0.05) potent on insect mortality, suppressed oviposition and adult emergence of C. maculatus. The results obtained showed that mortality of insect increased with increased dosages of the extract and powder and the period of exposure. At 96 h post treatment, 2.0 mL of the extract achieved the highest mortality of 100%. The highest mortality of 87.43 % was recorded within 96 hours post treatment with 2.0 g of the stem bark powder. A. indica stem bark powder effectively reduced oviposition and hence the number of adults emergence after a period of seven weeks. Adult emergence was reduced to zero when exposed to 1.5 and 2.0 mL A. indica stem bark extract. Adult emergence was also reduced to zero on exposure to 2.0 g of A. indica stem bark powder. Hence, A. indica stem bark extract and powder can be used as alternative in place of the chemical insecticides.
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