GENDER AND HUMAN SECURITY: DEVELOPMENT IN THE FEDERAL CAPITAL TERRITORY,ABUJA(2015-2023)

This study critically explores the intersection of gender, human security, and development within the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) of Nigeria, foregrounding the disproportionate vulnerabilities experienced by women in the face of structural inequalities and systemic marginalization. Drawing on the human security paradigm—emphasizing individual freedom from fear, want, and indignity—the research investigates how gender dynamics shape security outcomes and development trajectories in both conflict and non-conflict settings. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected from a stratified sample of 110 stakeholders, including policymakers, security personnel, development practitioners, and community leaders within Abuja. Findings reveal that gender inequalities significantly exacerbate women’s exposure to violence, limit access to resources such as healthcare and education, and restrict participation in political and community decision-making. The study identifies critical gaps in the integration of gender-sensitive approaches in national security and development policies, particularly in budgetary allocations, legal enforcement mechanisms, and institutional training. Patriarchal cultural norms and insufficient funding were flagged as the principal barriers to gender inclusivity, while multi-stakeholder collaboration and grassroots women’s networks emerged as key opportunities for transformative change. The study underscores the importance of gender-responsive budgeting, legal reforms, economic empowerment, and inclusive governance as strategic levers for addressing gendered insecurities. Anchored in Gendered Security Theory, Human Security Framework, and Social Constructivism, the research contributes to policy discourse by highlighting the urgency of adopting an intersectional, people-centered approach to human security. The conclusions advocate for systemic reforms that embed gender equity at all levels of policy formulation and implementation, thereby fostering inclusive and sustainable development in Nigeria and beyond.