PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIBACTERIAL EFFICACY OF AQUEOUS AND ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF CYPERUS ROTUNDUS AGAINST BACTERIAL ISOLATES.

ABSTRACT Cyperus rotundus a member of family cyperaceae used as traditional medicine at ancient against numerous diseases. The study investigated the secondary metabolites present in the leaf of cyperus rotundus and antibacterial activity of ethanolic and aqueous extract of the leaves. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, glycoside, tannin, anthraquinones, steroid, terponoid, and phenolic compounds. Antibacterial activity of plant extract were monitored using agar disc diffusion method against proteus specie, pseudomonas aureginosa, and klebsiella pneumonia bacteria. The antibacterial activity of the extracts was monitored at different Concentratios of 100mg/ml, 50mg/ml, and 25mg/ml prepared from the stock concentration(100mg/ml) by serial dilution with standard drug: ciprofloxacin. The antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract of proteus specie at concentration of 100mg/ml showed inhibition of 22.6 ± 4.04, at 50mg/ml 18.6 ± 2.88, and 25mg/ml the zone of inhibition showed 11.0 ± 2.00. pseudomonas aureginosa zone of inhibition at concentration of 100mg/ml showed 21.3 ± 3.78, 50mg/ml 19.6 ± 1.52, 25mg/ml 17.3 ± 1.15 across positive control 27.3 ± 5.50. Zone of inhibition of klebsiella pneumonia at 100mg/ml showed 23.3 ± 1.73, 50mg/ml 20.0 ± 1.73, 25mg/ml 15.3 ± 4.04 across positive control 32.0 ± 2.64 respectively. The aqueous activity of the extract at 100mg/ml proteus specie showed zone of inhibition of 22.3 ± 2.30, at concentration of 50mg/ml 18.6 ± 1.15, and at 25mg/ml the zone of inhibition showed 14.0 ± 1.00, across positive control 29.6 ± 4.04. The zone of inhibition of pseudomonas aureginosa at concentration of 100mg/ml showed 21.0 ± 4.35, at 50mg/ml 19.3 ± 0.57, 25mg/ml showed 16.0 ± 2.64, across positive control 31.0 ± 5.29. Klebsiella pneumonia at concentration of 100mg/ml showed inhibition of 24.3 ± 1.52, 50mg/ml showed 19.0 ± 2.64, and at concentration of 25mg/ml the zone of inhibition showed 14.6 ± 1.15, across positive control 27.6 ± 5.85 respectively. At MIC and MBC of 12.5mg/ml, 6.25mg/ml the plant extracts showed bacteriostatic effects against the test microbes.