PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF JATROPHA CURCAS AGAINST E.COLI BACTERIA RESPONSIBLE FOR URINOGENATAL TRACT INFECTION (UTI)

ABSTRACT The study was conducted on the Phytochemical and Antebacterial Activities of Jatropha Curcas Against Some Bacteria Responsible for Urinogenatal Tract Infection (UTI). The objective of the study To determine the phytochemical and Bacterial properties of Crude equeous and N haxan extract of leaf of Jatropha Curcas. To confirm the clinical the identity of clinical isolate of E.Coli bacteria from sample. To determine the MIC and MBC of the extract against the isolate. The study collected leaves of Jatropha Curcas pant were collected in clean polythene bags at Wangara Tofa Local Government , Kano State, Nigeria. The plant was tajen to herbarium unit of the department of plant biology Beyaro University Kano for Identification and Authentication. Voucher specimen number BUKHAN 0060 was issued from the department for reference purpose. The two solvents were choose based on polarity differences (i.e. N-hexane and Water, that is Nonpolar, and High-polar respectively) and used for extraction of the bioact For the extraction process, maceration technique used by Azwanida, (2015), was employed. Clinical isolates were collected at Abubakar Imam Urology Centre, Kano. The result of this study reveals the Antibacterial activity of aqueous and N-Hexene extracts of leaves of Jatropha Curcas based on in vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity of the extracts on clinical bacterial isolates Escherichia coli. The NHexene extract of the plant parts recorded the highest antibacterial activity on the clinical isolates than the aqueous extracts. Although N-Hexene is nonpolar which has the ability to attract non-polar molecules due to ethyl group of N-hexene being non-polar. This contributes to its ability to extract highly polar and non-polar components from the plant material. It has very low toxicity, completely miscible in water, volatile and easily removed from plant material at low temperature (Roy et al., 2014). The minimum inhibitory concentration MIC of the aqueous extract of jatropha cursas leaves in this study was obseved at 3.125mg/ml of concentration while the MIC of N-Hexane extract was observed at 6.25mg/ml of concentration the lower the MIC of plant extract against pathogens, the more desirable. The MBC of both the aqeous and N-Hexane extract did not show any bactericidal effect against the test isolate. The study recommended that Future work on this study should include further purification of the extracts fractions to be able to isolate the most active compound (s) responsible for antibacterial activity. The plant material should also be tested on protozoan to establish its activities. Further investigation to identify molecular targets in the bacterial cell like spore formation and active sites of enzymes involved in cell division in other to develop compounds in plants to serve as their specific inhibitors. Jatroph curcas could bea promising source of drugs for the treatment of urinogenatal tract infection through caution needs to be taken in the use of these leaves due to their toxicity