THE INFLUENCE OF CLASS SIZE AND SCHOOL LOCATION ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN UNGOGO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, KANO STATE

ABSTRACT This study investigates the influence of class size and school location on the academic performance of secondary school students in Ungogo Local Government Area, Kano State. Specifically, it examines the proportion of students in small and large classes, as well as rural and urban schools, and explores how these factors impact academic outcomes. Utilizing an expert factor research design, the study targeted a population of 19,632 senior secondary school students, from which a sample of 370 students was drawn using a multistage sampling technique. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire validated by experts and tested for reliability using Cronbach’s alpha. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were employed for analysis. The findings reveal that a majority of students are enrolled in large classes and urban schools. Furthermore, students in small class sizes and those attending urban schools demonstrated superior academic performance compared to their counterparts. Based on these findings, the study recommends reducing class sizes, improving rural school infrastructure, and ensuring equitable resource distribution to promote academic excellence across all settings.