EFFECTS OF PRACTICAL METHOD ON THE EFFECTIVE TEACHING OF PHYSICS IN SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS. (A CASE STUDY OF GAYA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA IN KANO STATE)

This study investigated the effects of practical methods on the effective teaching of Physics in senior secondary schools in Gaya Local Government Area, Kano State. Three research questions guided the study: the extent of practical method usage, its impact on students’ academic performance, and the challenges faced by teachers in implementation. A descriptive survey design was adopted, with a sample comprising 100 students and 10 Physics teachers drawn from selected schools. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using frequency counts and percentages. Findings revealed that practical methods are widely employed in Physics instruction, with 70% of students and 80% of teachers affirming their frequent use. The study also established that practical teaching significantly improves academic performance, as 75% of students and 90% of teachers reported better understanding and achievement following practical-based lessons. However, challenges such as inadequate laboratory equipment, overcrowded classrooms, limited time due to rigid curricula, lack of in-service training, and poor laboratory maintenance were identified as major hindrances to effective implementation. The study concludes that while practical methods are central to meaningful Physics learning and improved performance, their impact is constrained by systemic barriers. It recommends improved provision of laboratory resources, regular teacher training, and supportive policy reforms to enhance effective Physics instruction. These findings align with constructivist learning theory, highlighting the need for experiential engagement in science education.