COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF PHYTOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF UNRIPE PLANTAIN (MUSA PARADISIACA) LEAVES

Abstract The results of the comparative evaluation of phytochemical composition and antibacterial activity of unripe Musa paradisiaca leaves were carried out using standard microbiological and analytical procedures. The results revealed that wound sample D recorded 85 colonies, E had 70 colonies, B had 68 colonies, sample C had 58 colonies, while sample A had 55 colonies. The results indicated the presence of five (5) bacteria genera with frequency and percentage occurrence in a descending order which are Pseudomonas sp. 8(32.0%), Staphylococcus sp. 7(28.0%), Proteus sp. 5(20.0%), Streptococcus sp. 3(12.0%), while Klebsiella sp. 2(8.0%). The results of ethanolic extract of unripe Musa paradisiaca leaves indicated that cardiac glycoside using Keller Kiliani’s test recorded (+ + +), flavonoids, cardiac glycoside using Lieberman’s and Salkowskis’s method, alkaloids, saponins and tannins recorded moderate concentration (+ +) each respectively. Aqueous extract moderate concentration (+ +), alkaloids, tannin, flavonoids, cardiac glycoside using Keller Kiliani’s test, Lieberman’s and Salkowskis’s method recorded scanty concentration (+). The antibacterial efficacy of ethanolic extract unripe Musa paradisiaca leaves revealed that Pseudomonas sp. was sensitive at (100%), with zone of inhibition of 23mm, at 80% (20mm), at 60% (17.5mm), at 40% (15mm), and at 20% (13.5mm). Streptococcus sp. was sensitive at (100%), with zone of inhibition of (24mm), at 80% (22mm), at 60% (18mm), at 40% (15.5mm), and at 20% (14.5mm). Proteus sp. was sensitive at (100%), with zone of inhibition of 23mm, at 80% (21mm), at 60% ( 17.5mm), at 40% (16mm), and at 20% (13mm). Staphylococcus sp. was sensitive at (100%), with zone of inhibition of (22.5mm), at 80% (19.5mm), at 60% (15mm), at 40% (13.5mm), and at 20% ( 11mm). Klebsiella sp. was sensitive at (100%), with zone of inhibition of (20mm), at 80% (16.5mm), at 60% (14mm), at 40% ( 12.5mm), and at 20% ( 9.5mm). Pseudomonas sp. and Streptococcus sp. were sensitive to aqueous at (100%), with zone of inhibition of (12mm and 13mm). Proteus sp. had had 13mm and 10mm and Klebsiella sp. had 11.5mm and 10mm. All tested were only sensitive to Rifampicin, Streptomycin and Levofloxacin, Ceprox, Ciprofloxacin and Perfloxacin. Unripe Musa paradisiaca leaves are considered good antimicrobial agent and could be used in the treatment of wound infections.