COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF SELECTED FRUITS

ABSTRACT This study investigated the isolation and identification of microbial organisms present in fruits that are commonly sold in three different markets within Ibadan metropolis. A total of 54 different fruit samples of cococnut, apple, and pineapple sops were purchased from Oje Itameria market, Ibadan, Oyo State. All samples were analyzed for the density of microorganisms present using standard plate count method. The frequency of occurrence of the different types of microbials present on the fruit samples were also determined using standard microbiological methods. The composition of nutrient in each fruit sample was also analyzed using standard method. The results of the study showed that the microbial loads of all the fruits examined ranged between n 1.0 x 105 ± 0.60 x to 3.36 x103 and the differences were found to be significant (P < 0.05). The species of microorganisms isolated from the fruit samples were Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella. Of the 81(100 %) total isolates of bacteria the most frequently isolated species were Staphylococcus (35.8 %) followed by Bacillus, Streptococcus and Escherichia coli (29.2, 16,0 and 9.9 %) while the least frequently isolated species were Pseudomonas (6.2 %) and Salmonella (2.6 %). The results revealed significant variations in microbial load between fruit types and sources. Fruits with textured or porous surfaces, such as strawberries and cantaloupes, exhibited higher microbial counts compared to smoother-surfaced fruits like apples and grapes. Common contaminants identified included Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., and molds such as Aspergillus and Penicillium. The findings underscore the influence of handling, storage conditions, and surface morphology on microbial contamination. This study highlights the necessity for improved post-harvest handling practices, proper washing, and storage techniques to ensure fruit safety and minimize health risks. Furthermore, comparative microbiological analyses can guide consumers and regulatory bodies in implementing measures to enhance the quality and safety of fresh produce.