IOT BASED SMART DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM
Abstract
Agriculture remains the backbone of Nigeria’s economy, yet inefficient irrigation practices lead to significant water wastage, reduced crop yields, and heightened vulnerability to climate variability. This project addresses these challenges by designing and implementing a low-cost, IoT-based Smart Drip Irrigation System (SMIS) tailored for Nigerian smallholder farmers. The system comprises three integrated components: a simulated device unit (representing future ESP32-based hardware), a robust backend built with FastAPI and SQLite, and a farmer-friendly React Native mobile application. A key innovation is the use of WebSocket technology to enable true real-time, bidirectional communication—allowing farmers to monitor soil moisture levels and receive instant pump status updates without manual refreshing. The mobile app features a simple, intuitive interface for manual pump control, auto-irrigation configuration via moisture thresholds, and historical data visualization. Crucially, the backend is designed to be hardware-agnostic, ensuring seamless transition from software simulation to physical deployment with minimal effort. Comprehensive testing validated system functionality, low-latency performance (
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