ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF RIDA HERBAL BITTERS
Abstract
ABSTRACT
This study conducted a comprehensive in vitro evaluation of the antioxidant potential of Rida
Herbal Bitters, a commercially prevalent polyherbal formulation, to provide scientific
validation for its traditional use in mitigating oxidative stress. The research employed a multi-
assay approach, where an aqueous sample of Rida Bitters were analyzed for free radical
scavenging capacity using DPPH, ABTS⁺, and nitric oxide assays, alongside an assessment of
lipid peroxidation inhibition via malondialdehyde (MDA) quantification. Concurrent
quantitative phytochemical profiling determined the total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC)
contents. The results demonstrated significant, dose-dependent antioxidant activity, with the
extract exhibiting maximum scavenging capacities of 67.13% (DPPH), 60.40% (ABTS⁺), and
58.28% (NO) at 400 µg/mL, and conferring 71.67% protection against lipid peroxidation at the
same concentration. This robust activity was directly correlated with the substantial presence
of bioactive constituents, specifically a TPC of 5.94 mg GAE/g and a TFC of 5.31 mg QE/g.
The findings conclusively validate the potent in vitro antioxidant efficacy of Rida Herbal
Bitters, attributing its activity to its rich phenolic and flavonoid composition, thereby providing
a pharmacological basis for its ethnomedicinal application and underscoring its potential as a
source of natural antioxidants for further in vivo and clinical investigation.
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