PREVELENCE OF FUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH LOCALLY FERMENTED MILK (NONO) SOLD IN DUTSIN-MA METROPOLIS, KATSINA STATE, NIGERIA

Nono is a traditionally fermented milk product widely consumed in Dutsin-ma Metropolis, Katsina State, Nigeria, particularly among the Fulani population. Despite its cultural significance and nutritional value, Nono is often produced and sold under unhygienic conditions, raising concerns about microbial contamination. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence and types of fungal species associated with Nono sold in Dutsin-Ma Metropolis, Katsina State, Nigeria. A total of 45 Nono samples were randomly collected from three different locations over a five-week period. The samples were analyzed using standard microbiological methods, including serial dilution, pour plate techniques, and culture on selective media. Results revealed a high prevalence of fungal contamination, with 84.4% (38 out of 45) of the samples testing positive. The most isolated fungi included species of Aspergillus (notably A. niger and A. flavus), Penicillium chrysogenum, and Candida albicans. The highest contamination rate was observed in the Wednesday Market (86.7%), followed by Bakin Asibiti (80.0%) and FUDMA Mini Market (73.3%). These findings highlight significant public health risks associated with the consumption of Nono, particularly due to the presence of potentially toxigenic and pathogenic fungal species. The study underscores the urgent need for improved hygiene practices, public awareness, and routine monitoring of locally produced dairy products to ensure consumer safety.