THE EFFECT OF SILDENAFIL (VIAGRA) ON THE KIDNEY OF ADULT MALE WISTAR RATS

Introduction: Sildenafil, sold under the brand name Viagra, among others, is a medication used to treat erectile dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension Sildenafil in general, is safe but it has some side effects like headaches, heartburn, and flushed skin. Rare but serious side effects include sudden-onset hearing loss and prolonged erections, which can lead to damage to the penis. Sildenafil When used overdose for long time may cause acute kidney injury Methodology: A total of 20 adult male Wistar rats, weighing between 138 and 282 grams, were acclimatized to laboratory conditions for nine days prior to the start of the study. They were housed in a cage throughout the duration of the experiment. After the acclimatization period, the rats were divided into six groups, with four rats in each group. Sildenafil was administered in a prepared solution three times a week—on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays—at 10:00 AM for three weeks. Group 1 (N2) served as the control group for two weeks and received no drug administration. Group 2 (N3), also a control group, was monitored for three weeks without drug administration. Group 3 (L2) was administered a low dose of sildenafil, receiving 0.8 ml over the course of six days for two weeks, while Group 4 (L3) received a similar low dose of 0.77 ml over nine days for three weeks. Group 5 (H2) was given a high dose of sildenafil, receiving 1.7 ml over six days for two weeks, and Group 6 (H3) was administered a high dose of 1.5 ml over nine days for three weeks. Result: administration of nicotine significantly increased SOD across groups, indicative of oxidative stress. The level of catalase was elevated following the administration of nicotine for 7 days. showed protective effects against ischemia-reperfusion-induced oxidative stress by maintaining Oral administration of M. oleifera extract (400 mg/kg) antioxidant enzyme levels. Additionallly, behavorial assessment Conclusion: Moringa Oleifera exhibits significant antioxidant and neuroprotective effects, capable of ameliorating nicotine-induced oxidative stress and behavioral impairments. It restored antioxidant enzyme activities, reduced lipid peroxidation, and enhanced spatial memory and anxiety-related behaviors in nicotine-exposed rats