THE PREVALENCE OF ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA ON VEGETABLES SOLD IN DUTSIN-MA MARKETS

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica contamination on vegetables sold in Dutsinma Market, Katsina State, Nigeria, and identify associated risk factors. A total of 80 vegetable samples (lettuce, cabbage, spinach, and green onions) were randomly collected from four markets in the area. Samples were analyzed using sedimentation, centrifugation, and microscopic examination to detect parasitic cysts. Results revealed an overall contamination rate of 53.7% (43/80), with significant variations across vegetable types and markets. Lettuce exhibited the highest prevalence (55%), followed by cabbage (65%), spinach (60%), and green onions (35%). Contamination rates also differed markedly between markets, with Wednesday Market showing the highest prevalence (41.8%) and Miami Market the lowest (16.2%). Risk factors included poor vendor hygiene practices, the use of untreated animal dung as fertilizer, and reliance on contaminated irrigation water during the dry season. The findings shows a substantial public health risk associated with vegetable consumption in the region, exacerbated by inadequate sanitation and socioeconomic challenges. This study highlights the urgent need for targeted interventions, including improved hygiene education, regulated agricultural practices, and systematic monitoring of vegetable safety.