SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF SLASH AND BURN AGRICULTURAL PRACTICE ON SMALLHOLDER FARMERS IN GUJBA LOCAL GOVERNMENT, BUNI YADI, DAMATURU, YOBE STATE

ABSRACT Slash-and-burn agriculture is a widespread practice among smallholder farmers in Gujba Local Government, Buni Yadi, Damaturu, Yobe State. This study explores its socio-economic implications, focusing on both the short-term benefits and long-term consequences. Farmers often adopt this method due to its low cost and quick land clearing capabilities, which provides a temporary increase in soil fertility and crop yields. However, the socio-economic sustainability of this practice is called into question due to the environmental degradation it causes, such as deforestation, loss of biodiversity, and soil erosion. These effects result in diminishing agricultural productivity over time, threatening the livelihoods of farmers who rely onsubsistence farming.The research highlights that smallholder farmers, with limited access to modern agricultural inputs, are trapped in a cycle of poverty exacerbated by declining land quality. Moreover, the lack of alternative farming methods, coupled with inadequate government support, forces them to continue slash-and-burn, despite its harmful long-term impacts. Addressing the socio-economic challenges requires policies aimed at promoting sustainable agricultural practices, access to affordable farming technologies, and educational programs for farmers. Without these interventions, the environmental and economic decline will continue, jeopardizing food security and the overall well-being of the local farming communities.