PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF CASSIA OCCIDENTALIS LEAVES EXTRACT AGAINST BACTERIA ISOLATE ASSOCIATED WITH URINARY TRACT INFECTION.
Abstract
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (Urinary tract infections) are a significant public health concern, particularly in developing countries, due to the increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria has necessitated the exploration of alternative Urinary tract infections options. Cassia occidentalis, a medicinal plant widely used in traditional medicine, has been reported to possess antimicrobial properties. The antibacterial activities of methanolic and ethanolic extracts of Cassia occidentalis leaves were evaluated against five bacterial isolates (Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus) using the agar well diffusion method. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extracts were determined using the broth dilution. Urinary tract infection method. Phytochemical screening was conducted to identify the presence of various bioactive compounds in the extracts. The results showed that both methanolic and ethanolic extracts of Cassia occidentalis leaves exhibited significant antibacterial activity against all tested bacterial isolates. The ethanolic extract showed higher antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, while the methanolic extract showed higher activity against S. aureus and P. mirabilis. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranged from 2.5 to 12.5 mg/mL, indicating the potent antibacterial activity of the extracts. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, phenols, and terpenoids in both extracts. The findings of this study demonstrate the potential of Cassia occidentalis leaves extract as an alternative cure method for Urinary tract infections and an option for the treatment of urinary tract infections.
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