ASSESSMENT OF PROBLEM AFFECTING THE PERFORMANCE OF HAJJ: A CASE STUDY OF ANKPA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KOGI STATE
Abstract
This research explores the patterns, challenges, and determinants of Hajj participation and performance among Muslims in Ankpa Local Government Area (LGA) of Kogi State, Nigeria. As one of the five pillars of Islam, Hajj represents a vital religious duty for Muslims who meet the required conditions of financial and physical capability. Despite the spiritual significance of Hajj, the level of actual participation in Ankpa remains relatively low, prompting the need for an in-depth analysis. The study adopted a mixed-methods approach, combining both quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews to collect data from 120 respondents selected through stratified sampling techniques. The research revealed that while 31.6% of participants have performed Hajj, a larger proportion (68.4%) expressed the desire to do so but were hindered by several factors, including financial constraints, lack of institutional support, health issues, and limited awareness. The study also found that among those who have undertaken Hajj, the quality of performance varied depending on their level of religious education, access to pre-Hajj orientation, and the presence of spiritual guides during the pilgrimage. Furthermore, socio-cultural and economic conditions in Ankpa LGA significantly influence the ability and preparedness of Muslims to perform the pilgrimage in accordance with Islamic requirements. The study concludes by recommending enhanced sensitization campaigns, financial assistance schemes, collaboration with religious institutions, and the integration of local languages in Hajj training programs to improve both participation and ritual performance. This study adds to the growing discourse on Islamic pilgrimage practices in rural African settings and provides actionable insights for policy makers, religious leaders, and community organizations.
Keywords: Hajj, Pilgrimage, Islam, Muslim Communities, Religious Obligation, Ankpa LGA, Kogi State, Socio-economic Barriers, Ritual Performance, Nigeria
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