PREVALENCE OF REFRACTIVE AMBLYOPIA AMONGST SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN IN OWERRI WEST LGA, IMO STATE, NIGERIA

Abstract This study investigated the prevalence of refractive amblyopia among school-aged children in Owerri West Local Government Area (LGA), Imo State, Nigeria. Refractive amblyopia is a common cause of preventable visual impairment in children and occurs when uncorrected refractive errors interfere with normal visual development. Early detection and treatment are essential to prevent long-term visual deficits and improve academic and social outcomes. A cross-sectional descriptive study design was employed among school-aged children selected from primary and secondary schools within Owerri West LGA. Visual acuity assessment, refractive error screening, and comprehensive eye examinations were conducted to identify cases of refractive amblyopia. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods to determine prevalence rates and associated demographic factors. The findings revealed that refractive amblyopia was present among a notable proportion of the children screened, with variations observed across age groups and gender. Uncorrected refractive errors, limited access to eye care services, and inadequate awareness of childhood eye health were identified as significant contributing factors. The study highlights the need for routine school-based vision screening programs and timely referral for corrective interventions. The study concludes that refractive amblyopia remains a significant public health concern among school-aged children in Owerri West LGA. It recommends increased public awareness, regular eye examinations, and the integration of vision screening into school health programs to facilitate early diagnosis and treatment, thereby reducing the burden of avoidable visual impairment among children. Keywords: Refractive amblyopia, visual impairment, school-aged children, refractive errors, vision screening, Owerri West LGA, Imo State, Nigeria.