SEROPREVALENCE OF AVIAN INFLUENZA IN APPARENTLY HEALTHY LOCALBIRDS SLAUGHTERED AT BUKURU LIVE-BIRD MARKET JOS SOUTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Avian influenza, particularly the H5N1 subtype, remains a major threat to poultry health and public safety due to its high pathogenicity and zoonotic potential. This study investigated the seroprevalence of H5N1 avian influenza virus antibodies in apparently healthy local birds slaughtered at the Bukuru live bird market, Plateau State, Nigeria. A total of 100 serum samples were collected from 55 local hens and 45 local cocks. Serum was separated and analyzed using the haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test to detect antibodies against H5N1. Results showed a 28% overall Seroprevalence, consisting of 3% (n = 3) strong positives (indicating HPAIV exposure) and 25% (n = 25) low positives (indicating LPAIV exposure). Of the seropositive birds, 13 were hens and 15 were cocks. Statistical analysis using SPSS revealed a significant difference between LPAIV and HPAIV prevalence (p 0.05). These findings demonstrate the silent circulation of both low and highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in apparently healthy local birds within live bird markets. The significant difference in pathogenicity levels underscores the need for routine monitoring, strict live bird market biosecurity, and awareness programs to reduce outbreak risks and potential zoonotic transmission.
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