DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A 1.5 KG GAS FIRED FURNACE USED IN THE LABORATORY FOR MELTING ALUMINIUM

The design and construction of a 1.5 kg gas-fired furnace for melting aluminium involve combining thermal efficiency, structural stability, and safety within a compact, cost-effective unit. This type of furnace is ideal for small-scale foundry applications such as recycling, casting, or educational demonstrations. The furnace body is typically constructed from a mild steel shell lined internally with a high-temperature refractory material like refractory cement to ensure heat retention and insulation. The refractory lining reduces heat loss and protects the outer shell from thermal damage. The combustion chamber is designed to accommodate a crucible with a capacity of 1.5 kg of aluminium, ensuring optimal heat distribution. A propane or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) burner is used as the heat source. The burner is connected through a regulator and hose to a gas cylinder and is fitted with a nozzle to ensure proper air-fuel mixing for complete combustion. An air blower may be included to enhance combustion efficiency and reduce melting time. A lid made from the same insulating material covers the furnace, minimizing heat loss. Safety features such as pressure regulators, flame arrestors, and proper ventilation are crucial to prevent hazards during operation. Performance tests typically show that such a furnace can reach aluminium’s melting point 650°C or more within 15–30 minutes, depending on burner efficiency. Overall, this furnace design offers a practical solution for low-cost aluminium melting with reliable performance and manageable operational requirements.