NUTRITIONAL AND PHYTOCHEMICAL EVALUATION OF DISCARDED, SPOILT MANGO AS A LIVESTOCK FEED RESOURCE

Abstract The high rate of postharvest losses in tropical fruits, particularly mango (Mangifera indica), presents both environmental and economic challenges in Nigeria. This study investigated the nutritional and phytochemical evaluation of discarded, spoilt mango as a livestock feed resource, with the aim of assessing its potential as an alternative feed ingredient. Proximate analysis revealed that the spoilt mango samples contained moisture (74.20%), crude protein (5.12%), crude fibre (8.45%), crude fat (3.68%), ash (2.95%), and carbohydrates (55.80%). Mineral analysis showed appreciable levels of potassium (210.5 mg/100 g), calcium (115.2 mg/100 g), magnesium (92.7 mg/100 g), and phosphorus (60.3 mg/100 g), while sodium was relatively low (18.6 mg/100 g). Phytochemical screening indicated the presence of tannins (0.84 mg/g), flavonoids (2.15 mg/g), alkaloids (1.96 mg/g), saponins (1.12 mg/g), and phenols (1.35 mg/g). These bioactive compounds suggest possible health-promoting effects such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antiparasitic properties, though excessive tannins and alkaloids may reduce nutrient digestibility. The findings suggest that discarded spoilt mangoes can serve as a valuable energy-rich feed resource, especially for ruminants, though supplementation with protein-rich ingredients is required for balanced rations. Moreover, processing methods such as drying or ensiling are recommended to reduce spoilage, enhance shelf life, and mitigate the effects of anti-nutritional factors. In conclusion, spoilt mango waste holds considerable promise for sustainable livestock feeding while simultaneously addressing the twin challenges of feed scarcity and fruit waste disposal in Nigeria.