LITHOSTRATIGRAPHY AND SENDIMENTOLOGY OF CAMPANIAN-MAASTRICHTIAN SUCCESSION IN SOUTHERN BIDA BASIN (LOKOJA PRECISELY)

ABSTRACT The lithostratigraphic and sedimentology studies of sediment in lokoja formation, Southern Bida Basin has been carried out with the aim of determining the lithological and sedimentology characteristics of sandstone sediments. This was achieved through sieve analysis (to determine ancient environments of deposition as well as transportation history), petrographic analysis (to determine the mineralogical content of sandstone) and logging (to know the physical properties present). The sieve analysis show that the sandstone in the location area ranges from 0.1 and 0.9 which shows Coarse to very coarse sand, standard deviation 1.1 to 2.6 poorly sorted to very poorly sorted, kurtosis 1.2 to 2.5 leptokurtic to extremely leptokurtic, skewness -0.3 to 0.2 very negatively skewed to very positively skewed. This shows that the sediment weir not transported far from their source which also suggest the textural immaturity. Petrographic Analysis (thin section) results shows that the minerals present are quartz which is 50%, feldspar which is 30% and the rest of the minerals bee 20%. This shows that quartz and feldspar are mineralogical immature. The petrographic analysis also showed that the minerals have shapes ranging from angular to subangular which implied that the sandstone sediments are deposited close to the source. Furthermore, the mineral constituents are poorly sorted and loosely packed. The loose packing suggested shallow burial of the sediments. The monocrystalline quartz shows that the sediment is derived from granitic source. The study area is endowed with a lot of natural resources such as sandstones, claystone, pebbles, conglomerates, ironstones and water resources which were either undergoing exploitation or have been exploited. The logging shows the stratigraphic, lithologic, attitude of the formation which indicates that the formation exposed thickness in this area ranges between 0.5m to 8.3m with lateritic capping of 0.5m with laminae and bedding structure having alternating colors based on the bedding strata.