TEACHERS AND STUDENTS PERCEPTIONS OF PROBLEMS OF EFFECTIVE TEACHING AND LEARNING OF CHEMISTRY IN SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL IN KANO MUNICIPAL ZONE, KANO STATE

ABSTRACT This study investigates the perceptions of teachers and students regarding the challenges affecting effective teaching and learning of chemistry in senior secondary schools in Kano Municipal Zone, Kano State. Using a descriptive survey research design, structured questionnaires were administered to a sample of chemistry teachers and senior secondary school students. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including frequencies and percentages The findings reveal that both teachers and students perceive chemistry as a challenging subject primarily due to inadequate teaching and learning resources, large class sizes, and the predominance of traditional lecture-based instructional methods. Teachers reported difficulties in delivering effective lessons due to limited laboratory equipment and outdated teaching materials, while students expressed that the lack of practical demonstrations and interactive learning strategies hinders their understanding of complex chemistry concepts. The study underscores the urgent need for improved resource allocation, the adoption of innovative and interactive teaching methods, and enhanced professional development programs for chemistry teachers. These measures are recommended to foster a more engaging and effective learning environment, thereby improving students' performance in chemistry. The insights gained from this research provide a valuable foundation for policymakers, educators. and stakeholders aiming to enhance the quality of chemistry education in secondary schools.