EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF VOCATIONAL TRAINING PROGRAMMES IN REDUCING UNEMPLOYMENT IN PLATEAU STATE (A CASE STUDY OF PLATEAU STATE IN HEIPANG BAN)

ABSTRACT Unemployment remains a major challenge in Plateau State, Nigeria, leading to poverty and social problems. This study evaluates the effectiveness of vocational training programmes in reducing unemployment, using Heipang in Barkin-Ladi LGA as a case study. A mixed-method approach was adopted, with data collected through questionnaires, interviews, and focus group discussions from beneficiaries, facilitators, and stakeholders. The sample size for this study will consist of 100 respondents drawn from Heipang and Ban communities in Plateau State. A total of 140 copies of the questionnaire were printed and distributed to respondents in Heipang and Ban. Out of these, 120 copies were correctly filled and returned, while 20 copies were either not returned or not properly completed. This included 80 participants selected from individuals who have either enrolled in or completed vocational training programmes, and 20 stakeholders such as vocational instructors, programme coordinators, and relevant government officials. Experiential Learning Theory (Kolb, 1984) 21st-Century Adaptations, Systems Theory Institutional Alignment in Practice, Social Cognitive Theory (Bandura, 1986) Combating Stigma, and Human Capital Theory (Becker, 1964) Modern Applications, Findings show that vocational training has equipped participants with employable skills in tailoring, ICT, catering, welding, and other trades, enabling many to start small businesses and create jobs. However, challenges such as inadequate funding, poor facilities, and limited access to credit, and weak post-training support reduce the full impact of the programmes. The study concludes that vocational training is effective in tackling unemployment but requires better funding, modern facilities, mentorship, and stronger government and private sector support. It recommends increased investment in vocational education and improved access to start-up capital to enhance sustainability.