KIDNEY FUNCTION ASSESSMENT IN ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS TREATED WITH GUAVA METHANOL EXTRACT

ABSTRACT This study investigated the antidiabetic and renoprotective potential of Psidium guajava (guava) leaf methanol extract in alloxan-induced diabetic male Wistar albino rats. Fresh guava leaves were collected, authenticated, air-dried, powdered, and extracted with ethanol. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan monohydrate (180 mg/kg body weight), and diabetic status was confirmed by fasting blood glucose levels exceeding 7.0 mmol/L. The rats were divided into three groups: Normal Control (NC), Induced and Treated (IT), and Induced and Untreated (IU). The treated group received 200 mg/kg body weight of guava leaf extract orally for seven days. Biochemical parameters including fasting blood glucose, urea, albumin, creatinine, and electrolytes (Na⁺, K⁺, Cl⁻) were analyzed using standard spectrophotometric methods. The results showed that guava extract significantly reduced urea concentration and maintained normal albumin and creatinine levels compared to the untreated diabetic group. Electrolyte balance, particularly potassium and chloride concentrations, was also regulated in the treated group. These findings indicate that P. guajava extract possesses potent antidiabetic and nephroprotective effects, likely due to its rich phytochemical constituents such as flavonoids, tannins, and alkaloids. The extract’s therapeutic action may be linked to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, suggesting its potential role in managing diabetes-related renal dysfuncti