ASSESSING THE EFFECT OF DAMPNESS ON OCCUPANT COMFORT IN EDUCATIONAL BUILDING; A STUDY OF SCHOOL OF ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES (SES) NUHU BAMALLI POLYTECHNIC ZARIA.

ABSTRACT Dampness remains a persistent challenge in tropical educational buildings, undermining structural integrity, indoor environmental quality, and occupant health. This study examined the effects of dampness on selected buildings at Nuhu Bamalli Polytechnic, Zaria, focusing on its causes, impacts, and possible mitigation strategies. A quantitative research design was employed, using structured questionnaires administered to 50 respondents comprising staff and students. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency distributions and percentages. The results showed that 80% of respondents were fully aware of dampness problems within the institution, while 90% identified spalling of concrete as the most severe structural effect. Findings further revealed that in 80% of cases, dampness had persisted for more than five years, reflecting its long-term and recurring nature. The study also highlighted health implications, with 60% of respondents reporting skin irritation, 20% respiratory problems, and 20% allergies, thereby demonstrating the dual impact of dampness on buildings and human wellbeing. Mitigation strategies identified included regular maintenance (40%) and improved drainage systems (30%) as the most effective measures, followed by better construction materials (20%) and waterproof coatings (10%). The study concludes that dampness significantly accelerates building deterioration and exposes occupants to health risks, ultimately reducing institutional efficiency and increasing maintenance costs. It recommends the adoption of quality construction materials, improved drainage infrastructure, modern waterproofing techniques, and preventive maintenance practices. Additionally, policymakers and institutional managers should enforce building standards and promote awareness to ensure early detection and control of dampness. The findings provide valuable insights for architects, engineers, and facility managers seeking sustainable approaches to dampness management in educational environments across tropical regions.