ASSESSMENT OF SOME ELECTROLYTE， UREA AND CREATININE ON SUBJECT FED WITH FORMULATED SABAYA

Electrolytes are charged minerals essential for maintaining fluid balance, nerve conduction, and muscle contraction, while urea and creatinine serve as critical indicators of protein metabolism and renal function. This study assessed the effect of formulated Sabaya diets on electrolyte, urea, and creatinine concentrations (EUCR) in healthy female subjects. Two Sabaya varieties—traditional (A) and plantain-enriched (B)—were prepared from cereal–legume blends and compared with a whey protein control. Standard enzymatic and ion-selective methods were used for biochemical analysis, and results were statistically evaluated (p < 0.05). No significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed in electrolyte or urea levels among groups, indicating stable fluid and nitrogen balance. However, creatinine increased significantly (p < 0.05) in the plantain-enriched group (3.78 ± 0.09 mmol/L) compared to the control (2.70 ± 0.10 mmol/L) and traditional Sabaya (2.68 ± 0.10 mmol/L), reducing EUCR values from 10.81 to 7.92. This suggests enhanced creatinine turnover and improved metabolic efficiency with the enriched formulation. The validated Sabaya Food Frequency Questionnaire showed good reliability (ICC = 0.55–0.74; α = 0.75–0.90). Overall, Sabaya, especially the plantain-enriched type, positively influenced creatinine metabolism without altering electrolyte or urea balance, underscoring its nutritional adequacy and potential in addressing protein–energy malnutrition.