INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MORINGA AS A BIOLOGICAL ABSORBENT IN ECOLOGICAL SANITATION TOILETS
Abstract
Abstract
This study investigated the use of moringa leaves in the treatment of human faeces in
an ecological sanitation (EcoSan) waterless toilet constructed at Akanu Ibiam Federal
Polytechnic. The increasing challenges associated with poor sanitation, environmental
pollution, and inadequate waste management in developing countries have created the
need for sustainable and eco-friendly sanitation systems. Ecological sanitation
waterless toilets provide an alternative approach by converting human waste into safer
and reusable materials while conserving water resources. However, odour generation,
pathogen presence, and slow decomposition remain major concerns in the
management of human faeces in EcoSan systems.
The study examined the effectiveness of moringa leaves as a natural treatment
material for improving the decomposition and hygienic condition of human faeces in
the waterless toilet system. Fresh and dried moringa leaves were applied to faecal
matter in controlled quantities over a specified period, and observations were made on
odour reduction, moisture control, microbial activity, and decomposition rate. Data
were collected through laboratory analysis and physical observation of the treatment
process.
Findings from the study revealed that moringa leaves significantly reduced offensive
odour, improved the drying process, and enhanced the decomposition of faecal matter.
The treatment also contributed to the reduction of harmful microorganisms due to the
antimicrobial properties of moringa. Furthermore, the use of moringa leaves proved to
be cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and locally available, making it suitable
for sustainable sanitation management in rural and semi-urban communities.
The study concluded that moringa leaves can serve as an effective natural additive in
the treatment of human faeces in ecological sanitation waterless toilets. It
recommended the adoption of moringa-based treatment methods in EcoSan facilities
to improve sanitation, public health, and environmental sustainability
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