FLOOD SUSCEPTIBILITY ASSESSMENT USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS) AND REMOTE SENSING (RS): A CASE STUDY OF JAMBUTU, YOLA NORH, ADAMAWA STATE
Abstract
Flooding remains one of the most devastating natural hazards globally, and its impact is particularly severe in Nigeria where rapid urbanization, inadequate planning, and climate variability have intensified vulnerability. This study focuses on assessing flood susceptibility in Jambutu, Yola North Local Government Area of Adamawa State, using Geographic Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing techniques. The research integrates multiple geospatial datasets including rainfall distribution, land use/land cover (LULC), slope, drainage density, soil type, and elevation to evaluate the spatial patterns of flood risk within the study area. Satellite imagery was processed to generate thematic layers, while Digital Elevation Models (DEM) and hydrological data were analyzed to delineate drainage networks and terrain characteristics. The various flood-contributing parameters were weighted and overlaid through GIS-based multi-criteria analysis to produce a flood susceptibility map. The results classified the study area into different flood risk zones ranging from very low to very high susceptibility. Findings revealed that low-lying areas with poor drainage, dense settlement patterns, and agricultural land use are more prone to recurrent flooding, whereas elevated and sparsely populated zones show relatively lower susceptibility. This assessment provides valuable insight for local authorities, urban planners, and disaster management agencies in developing effective mitigation strategies and sustainable land-use policies. The study underscores the importance of geospatial technology as a decision support tool in environmental hazard assessment and risk reduction.
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