HEPATITIS B VIRUS INFECTION AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN THAT ATTENDED ANTERNAL CARE AT AMAACHARA SPECIALIST HOSPITAL UMUAHIA, ABIA STATE FROM 2017-2022
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Hepatitis is a medical condition characterized by liver inflammation, marked by the presence of inflammatory cells within the liver tissue. This retrospective study focused on analyzing 1,203 medical records of pregnant women attending antenatal care at Amachara Specialist Hospital in Umuahia, Abia State, from 2017 to 2022, which aimed to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women and utilizing a convenience sampling method, data collection employed a structured proforma validated for content by the researcher's supervisor, ensuring alignment with study objectives and reliability across certified medical records. Descriptive statistics, including tables, charts, graphs, and percentages, were used to comprehensively present findings. Chi-square analysis enriched the depth of analysis by exploring associations between variables. The study identified that the largest age group among participants was 26-35 years (34.7%), consistent with regional demographic trends indicating active engagement in healthcare. Marital status predominantly reflected married individuals (63.5%), mirroring local norms. Educational attainment favored secondary education (58.9%), in line with educational patterns in the area. Business roles were prevalent among occupations (68.3%), highlighting the economic landscape. Analysis of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) prevalence revealed a low rate (0.25%) over six years, suggesting effective preventive measures. Age-specific analysis indicated minimal HBV cases across all groups, with the highest prevalence among 18-25-year-olds (1.6%). The study tracked fluctuating trends in blood transfusions and instances related to tattoos and piercings, reflecting varying healthcare needs and cultural influences. Mother-to-Child Transmission (MTCT) cases remained consistently low (one case annually), indicating successful prenatal care practices. Instances of unprotected sex were stable (two cases annually), suggesting sustained awareness efforts in the community. In conclusion, fluctuating trends in blood transfusions, tattoos, and piercings indicate dynamic healthcare needs and cultural influences over the study period.
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