IN-VITRO EVALUATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF AN AROMATIC PLANT AGAINST BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM PERIODONTAL INFECTION
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The rising prevalence of multidrug-resistant organisms in periodontitis necessitates the exploration of alternative therapeutic agents. The aim of this study was to determine antibacterial activity of Cannabis sativa methanolic extract against multidrug-resistance organisms implicated in periodontitis. Samples from individuals clinically diagnosed with periodontitis was obtained at the State Dental Hospital, Abeokuta, Ogun State. Isolates from the sample was identified using morphological and biochemical test methods. Hash oil/cannabis resin was obtained by maceration process. The extract was obtained by cold maceration in methanol, filtered and evaporated. Antibiotic susceptibility test of the isolates was carried out on each isolate using Kirby-Bauer's disc diffusion method. while agar well diffusion method was used to determine the antibacterial effect of the cannabis resin/ Hash oil against the isolates. The isolates obtained were Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus species, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pyogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Enterococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Classification of isolates based on spectrum of resistances showed that: Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis with a zone of inhibition of 14 + 2mm, 14 + 2mm, and 12 + 2mm, 19+ 2mm, 16+ 2mm respectively exhibited variable zone of inhibition Enterococcus faecalis and Streptococcus species showed were multidrug resistance with both having a zone of inhibition of 6mm. Streptococcus pyogenes showed susceptibility to the extract with a zone of inhibition of 24+ 2mm.
This study shows that cannabis resin is more active against Gram-positive bacteria and moderate to none activity against Gram-negative bacteria. The results obtained suggests that antibacterial property of cannabis sativa methanoic extracts could be a valuable additional treatment option for periodontal disease.
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