SEDIMENTOLOGICAL AND PETROGRAPHIC STUDIES OF PART OF BIDA FORMATION, DOKO MEMBER, NORTHERN BIDA BASIN, NIGERIA
Abstract
The Bida Basin is a north-west to south-east trending inland basin in Nigeria, stretching from Shegwa in the northwest to Dekina in the southeast. It is roughly 350 km long and varies in width from 75 to 150 km. The study area of this project was focused on the Doko member of the Bida formation,which consists of predominantly sandy texture with interbeds of shalesand minor conglomerates.Field observations, sample collection, laboratory analyses, and data interpretation comprised the major aspect of this study and were conducted to understand the depositional environments and mineralogical makeup of the study area. Field mapping and description during which 5 samples were collected, accompanied by laboratory sieve analysis revealed that the study interval is characterized by medium to fine grained sandstones that aremoderately-poorly sorted. The presence of sedimentary structures like planar cross-bedding and current ripple cross lamination, together with the result of the bivariate diagrams,suggestthat thesandstones within the study area were deposited by braided and meandering river systems, indicative of low energy of deposition, thus suggesting a predominantly fluvial depositional environment. Petrographic analysis of the samples revealed that the sandstones are classified as sublitharenites and litharenites respectively.
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