EXAMINATION OF POTENCY OF ASPERGILLUS NIGER TOXIN

This study investigated the potency of toxins produced by Aspergillus niger using a combination of microbiological and toxicological methods. Aspergillus niger was isolated from contaminated food samples and identified based on cultural and microscopic characteristics. The fungal isolate was cultivated in Potato dextrose broth for 3-5 days to promote mycotoxin production, after which crude extracts were obtained through solvent extraction. Toxicity evaluation was carried out using Wistar rats divided into four groups, each receiving graded doses of the toxin extract, with one control group. Observations included behavioral changes, physiological responses, and post-mortem organ examination. The results showed dose-dependent signs of toxicity such as lethargy, reduced feed intake, weight loss, and mortality, with gross pathological changes including kidney discoloration, intestinal blockage, and liver pallor in high-dose groups. These findings confirm the acute toxicity of crude A. niger metabolites and highlight the potential public health risks associated with fungal contamination in poorly stored food products giving relevance to the need for improved food safety practices, early mycotoxin detection, and regulatory interventions to minimize exposure risks.