THE DEVELOPMENT OF TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM ON DIFFERENT MAIZE VARIETIES WITH BRAN

ABSTRACT This study investigated the development of Tribolium castaneum on different maize varieties with bran namely: white and yellow under laboratory condition. The research was aimed to determine the effect of the maize types on the pests development and stages i.e larvae, pupa and adult emergence across several weeks of Infestation. A laboratory experimental design was used, where 20g of each maize variety with bran was Infested with 3 females and 2 males Adult Tribolium castaneum. Data collected using ANOVA, means were separated using Least Significant Difference (LSD) at 5% Probability level. Collection of data includes larval counts, pupal counts and Adult Emergence, and general results showed that both maize varieties supported the full life cycle of Tribolium castaneum. Yellow maize recorded significantly higher larval counts in the larval weeks, suggesting greater attractiveness for oviposition or higher early larval survival. The mean values of larvae count ranges between (15.67-8.33) as compared to in white maize 1 (15.67-8.33). In white maize 2 ranges between (7.00-5.67) as compared to Yellow maize 2 ranges between (7.00-6.00). Also in white maize 3 ranges between (10.67-7.00) as compared to Yellow maize 3 ranges between (8.34-7.67). The trend changes from week 5 due to Cannibalism or the emergence of pupa. The result clearly shows that Yellow maize Variety with bran supports more larvae than white maize variety with bran. The mean values of pupa ranges between (7.00-4.67) in white maize 1 as compared to Yellow maize 1 ranges between (6.00-4.67). In white maize 2 ranges between (6.67-4.00) as compared to Yellow maize 2 ranges between (6.67-4.00). also in white maize ranges between (5.67 to 4.00) as compared to yellow maize 3 ranges between (6.00 to 4.00). It clearly shows that white maize variety with bran supports more pupa than yellow maize variety with bran. Also the mean values of Adults ranges between (7.33-22.00) in white maize 1 as compared to yellow maize 1 (9.67-22.00). In white maize 2 ranges between (7.00-17.00) as compared to Yellow maize 2 ranges between (6.67-18.67). Also in white maize 3 ranges between (6.33 - 18.33) as compared to Yellow maize 3 ranges between (7.67 - 21.67). The result, it's clearly show that white maize variety with bran supports more adults than yellow maize variety with bran. It is stated clearly that white maize variety with bran is preferred on the development of Tribolium castaneum than the yellow maize variety with bran. ABSTRACT This study investigated the development of Tribolium castaneum on different maize varieties with bran namely: white and yellow under laboratory condition. The research was aimed to determine the effect of the maize types on the pests development and stages i.e larvae, pupa and adult emergence across several weeks of Infestation. A laboratory experimental design was used, where 20g of each maize variety with bran was Infested with 3 females and 2 males Adult Tribolium castaneum. Data collected using ANOVA, means were separated using Least Significant Difference (LSD) at 5% Probability level. Collection of data includes larval counts, pupal counts and Adult Emergence, and general results showed that both maize varieties supported the full life cycle of Tribolium castaneum. Yellow maize recorded significantly higher larval counts in the larval weeks, suggesting greater attractiveness for oviposition or higher early larval survival. The mean values of larvae count ranges between (15.67-8.33) as compared to in white maize 1 (15.67-8.33). In white maize 2 ranges between (7.00-5.67) as compared to Yellow maize 2 ranges between (7.00-6.00). Also in white maize 3 ranges between (10.67-7.00) as compared to Yellow maize 3 ranges between (8.34-7.67). The trend changes from week 5 due to Cannibalism or the emergence of pupa. The result clearly shows that Yellow maize Variety with bran supports more larvae than white maize variety with bran. The mean values of pupa ranges between (7.00-4.67) in white maize 1 as compared to Yellow maize 1 ranges between (6.00-4.67). In white maize 2 ranges between (6.67-4.00) as compared to Yellow maize 2 ranges between (6.67-4.00). also in white maize ranges between (5.67 to 4.00) as compared to yellow maize 3 ranges between (6.00 to 4.00). It clearly shows that white maize variety with bran supports more pupa than yellow maize variety with bran. Also the mean values of Adults ranges between (7.33-22.00) in white maize 1 as compared to yellow maize 1 (9.67-22.00). In white maize 2 ranges between (7.00-17.00) as compared to Yellow maize 2 ranges between (6.67-18.67). Also in white maize 3 ranges between (6.33 - 18.33) as compared to Yellow maize 3 ranges between (7.67 - 21.67). The result, it's clearly show that white maize variety with bran supports more adults than yellow maize variety with bran. It is stated clearly that white maize variety with bran is preferred on the development of Tribolium castaneum than the yellow maize variety with bran.