PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF AQEOUS AND ETHANOIC EXTRACTS OF COCONUT HUSK ON SELECTED MICROBES
Abstract
This study investigates the phytochemical composition and antimicrobial properties of aqueous and ethanoic extracts from coconut husk (Cocos nucifera), focusing on their efficacy against selected microbial pathogens. Coconut husk, a widely available agricultural byproduct, is rich in bioactive compounds such as tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and phenolics, which are known to possess therapeutic and antimicrobial effects. The study compares the antimicrobial activity of aqueous and ethanoic extracts against common bacteria including proteus mirabilis, Enterococcus spp, Pseudomonas spp, streptococcus spp, micrococcus spp, Escherichia coli, Bacillus spp, staphylococcus aureus and salmonella spp. The results reveal that both extract types exhibit notable antimicrobial effects, with variations in efficacy likely due to differences in phytochemical solubility. Based on the findings, several recommendations are made, including further research on extraction optimization, broader spectrum testing, and safety assessments to ensure potential applications in food preservation, wound treatment, and other health-related fields. This research highlights the potential of coconut husk as a sustainable, natural antimicrobial source and suggests ways to enhance its use in various industries, particularly in regions where coconuts are abundant
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