IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIALS FOLKLORIC PLANTS USED FOR TREATMENT OF COMMON ILLNESS IN SEMI-ARID REGIONS OF BORNO STATE
Abstract
Crude leave extracts of four herbal medicinal plants were subjected to phytochemical screening
and antimicrobial assays against microbial pathogens using well diffusion method. The
preliminary phytochemical investigation of the crude leave extracts of four herbal consists of
Neem, Moringa, Jatropha and Balanites revealed that there is present of bioactive
phytocomponents with potential antimicrobial ingredients when Soxhlet extraction was
performed using different solvents (Hexane, Chloroform, Methanol, acetone, and Ethyl acetate).
The crude extracts showed significant antimicrobial activities against all microbial pathogens
screened with highest activity in methanol and chloroform extracts of alkaloids as
phytocomponents. While highest activity was recorded in methanol and chloroform extracts,
faintly in ethyl acetate extracts using phenolics Phytochemical. Whereas microbial activities was
moderately present in chloroform, acetone and ethyl acetate extracts using steroids and reducing
sugars phytocomponents respectively. Whereas the antimicrobial activities against pathogens
revealed remarkable sensitivity with prominent zone of inhibitions with ranging from 14mm to
26mm against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 10mm to 24mm in streptococcus species using
extracts from chloroform, ethyl acetate, Hexane and methanol extracts. Likewise, moderate zone
of inhibition ranging from 14mm to 17mm was recorded in Staphalococcus aureus, 10mm to
17mm was recorded in P . pyogene and 10mm to 16mm in Escherichia coli respectively. Whereas
weak zone of inhibition ranging from 10 mm to 12 mm was obtained against streptococcus
mutans. The bioactive ingredients of those with antimicrobial activities are screened and
recommended that more research work be conducted to explore their bioactive components for
formulation into appropriate dosage as potential antibiotics for the treatment of infectious
diseases in the study area.
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