SURVEY OF TREE SPECIES USED AS CHARCOAL SOLD IN MAIDUGURI A CASE STUDY OF MAIDUGURI METROPOLITAN COUNCIL

Abstract This comprehensive survey investigates the patterns, drivers, and environmental implications of charcoal use in Maiduguri Metropolitan Council, Borno State. As a rapidly urbanizing region, Maiduguri faces pressing energy access challenges, with charcoal emerging as a prevalent cooking fuel among households. This study examines the socio-economic factors driving charcoal adoption, assesses its environmental footprint, and explores the health risks associated with its use. Findings indicate widespread charcoal utilization, fueled by economic constraints, limited access to modern energy alternatives, and entrenched cultural preferences. The research highlights significant environmental degradation, including deforestation and air pollution, alongside adverse health impacts such as respiratory illnesses. The study underscores the urgent need for sustainable energy solutions, reforestation initiatives, and targeted policy interventions to mitigate the environmental and health consequences of charcoal use in Maiduguri. Recommendations include promoting affordable clean energy alternatives and launching public awareness campaigns on the risks associated with charcoal use and the benefits of sustainable energy practices.