MECHANICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF HDPE REINFORCED WITH MODIFIED CELLULOSE EXTRACTED FROM WASTE DIAPERS

ABSTRACT This research explores the reinforcement of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) with chemically modified cellulose extracted from waste diapers, aiming to address environmental challenges associated with non-biodegradable waste while enhancing the properties of HDPE. Cellulose extraction employed a green method using a mixture of acetic and nitric acids, yielding a biodegradable reinforcement material. Composites were prepared using compression molding, with varying cellulose content (5%–15%) blended into the HDPE matrix. The mechanical properties evaluated include tensile strength, flexural strength, impact resistance, and hardness. Results showed a progressive increase in hardness with higher cellulose content, attributed to the reinforcing nature of cellulose. However, tensile strength, flexural strength, and impact resistance decreased as cellulose content rose, reflecting reduced elasticity and brittleness due to the hydrophilic nature of cellulose. Physical properties such as density and water absorption were also examined. Increased cellulose content led to higher density and greater water absorption, demonstrating a trade-off between improved structural integrity and reduced water resistance. The study concludes that incorporating modified cellulose fibers into HDPE creates a sustainable composite material with potential applications in packaging, construction, and other industries. This approach offers an innovative solution for recycling waste diapers into value-added products, contributing to a circular economy. Future research is recommended to optimize processing techniques and explore additional applications to further enhance the environmental and economic viability of these composites.