MICROBIAL QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF DRINKING WATER SOURCES IN RURAL COMMUNITIES IN ADO LOCAL GOVERNMENT

This study investigates the microbial quality of drinking water sources in rural communities within the Ado-Ekiti Local Government Area, with a focus on key microbial indicators such as Escherichia coli, total coliforms, and other pathogens that could pose a risk to public health. Poor water quality, particularly in rural areas where sanitation infrastructure is often inadequate, contributes to the spread of waterborne diseases, which can have severe implications for local populations. Water samples were collected from diverse sources, including wells, underground boreholes, and streams, across several communities in Ado-Ekiti LGA. The samples were analyzed for the presence of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus SPP., Proteus SPP., molds, and non-fecal coliforms. The findings revealed that 40% of the samples tested positive for Escherichia coli, indicating fecal contamination, which poses a direct health risk to consumers. Additionally, Staphylococcus aureus was detected in 15% of the samples, and Proteus SPP. were identified in 10%. Fungal contamination, represented by Aspergillus niger and Penicillium SPP., was also noted in a few samples, indicating poor water storage practices. Non-fecal coliforms, such as Enterobacter and Klebsiella, were present in 20% of the samples, suggesting additional environmental pollution. The study highlights the significant variability in microbial contamination across different water sources, with open wells and streams showing higher contamination levels than underground boreholes. This variability is attributed to human activities, poor waste disposal practices, and agricultural runoff, which contribute to water pollution. Based on these findings, the study advocates for a multifaceted approach to improving water quality, including better sanitation practices, enhanced water treatment systems, and public health education to mitigate the spread of waterborne diseases.