TITLE ASSESSMENT OF THE INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE ON DISASTER RISK REDUCTION IN FLOOD-AFFECTED COMMUNITIES OF MAIDUGURI METROPOLITAN

APPENDICES Appendix A: Questionnaire Used for Data Collection Section A: Socio-Economic Characteristics 1. What is your age group? [ ] 18–25 [ ] 26–35 [ ] 36–45 [ ] 46–55 [ ] Above 55 2. What is your gender? [ ] Male [ ] Female 3. What is your highest level of education? [ ] No formal education [ ] Primary education [ ] Secondary education [ ] Tertiary education 4. What is your primary occupation? [ ] Farmer [ ] Trader [ ] Civil servant [ ] Artisan [ ] Unemployed 5. What is your average monthly income? [ ] Less than ₦10,000 [ ] ₦10,000–₦30,000 [ ] ₦31,000–₦50,000 [ ] Above ₦50,000 6. What is the size of your household? [ ] 1–3 members [ ] 4–6 members [ ] 7–9 members [ ] Above 9 members Section B: Awareness of Flood Disaster Risks 1. Are you aware of the risk of flood disasters in your community? [ ] Yes [ ] No 2. How did you become aware of flood disaster risks? (Select all that apply) [ ] Media (radio, TV, newspapers) [ ] Community meetings [ ] Government campaigns [ ] Personal experience [ ] Others (please specify): ______ 3. Are there early warning systems for floods in your area? [ ] Yes [ ] No 4. How often do you receive information about potential flood risks? [ ] Regularly [ ] Occasionally [ ] Rarely [ ] Never Section C: Effects of Flood Disasters 1. Have you or your household experienced flood disasters in the past? [ ] Yes [ ] No 2. What are the most common effects of floods in your community? (Select all that apply) [ ] Loss of property [ ] Destruction of farmland [ ] Displacement of families [ ] Health issues (e.g., waterborne diseases) [ ] Others (please specify): ______ 3. How have floods affected your household income or livelihood? [ ] Significantly decreased [ ] Slightly decreased [ ] No effect [ ] Increased 4. What are the long-term effects of floods in your community? [ ] Migration to other areas [ ] Increased poverty [ ] Reduced agricultural productivity [ ] Others (please specify): ______ Section D: Adaptation Strategies 1. Do you take any measures to protect your household from floods? [ ] Yes [ ] No 2. What measures do you use to reduce flood risks? (Select all that apply) [ ] Building elevated houses [ ] Clearing drainage channels [ ] Planting trees [ ] Using sandbags [ ] Relocating during flood seasons [ ] Others (please specify): ______ 3. How effective do you think these measures are in reducing flood risks? [ ] Very effective [ ] Moderately effective [ ] Not effective 4. What assistance do you receive during or after floods? [ ] Government support [ ] Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) [ ] Community support [ ] None 5. What additional strategies do you think should be adopted to minimize flood disasters? [ ] Improved drainage systems [ ] Increased awareness campaigns [ ] Government relocation programs [ ] Others (please specify): ______ Appendix B: Field Observation Notes Elevated housing observed in Gwange Ward to mitigate flood damage. Overcrowded and poorly maintained drainage systems in Jere Ward contributing to water stagnation. Use of vegetative barriers and sandbags in Muna Ward to reduce flood impact. Temporary relocation camps set up in Bolori after the 2024 flood. Appendix C: Statistical Data Tables Table C1: Distribution of Respondents by Ward | Ward| Number of Respondents | Percentage (%) | |---------------|---------------------------|--------------------| | Muna | 50 | 25% | | Jere | 40 | 20% | | Gwange | 30 | 15% | | Bulabulin | 40 | 20% | | Bolori | 40 | 20% | Table C2: Adaptation Strategies and Effectiveness Ratings | Adaptation Strategy | Respondents Using (%) | Effectiveness Rating (1-5) | |-----------------------------|---------------------------|---------------------------------| | Elevated Housing | 50% | 4.5 | | Drainage Clearing | 30% | 3.5 | | Sandbags | 15% | 3.0 | | Temporary Relocation | 10% | 2.5 | Appendix D: Statistical Results Chi-Square Test Results Hypothesis: Indigenous knowledge significantly contributes to disaster risk reduction in Maiduguri. Test statistic: 22.6 p-value: 0.001 (p < 0.05) Conclusion: Indigenous practices significantly impact flood risk reduction.